Basic Terms Of Physics Part 2

 

Basic Terms Of Physics Part 2

Deceleration: When the velocity of an object decrease with time is called decoration or retardation.

Motion due to gravity: The motion of an object in which only motion due to gravity is called motion due to gravity.

Weight: The gravitational force acting on an object is called weight. It is a vector quantity. It is represented by W. Formula is equal w=mg

Mass: The quantity of matter contained in a body is called matter. It is a scalar quantity. It is constant everywhere.

System: Everything that is under observation is called a system. There are three types of systems: open systems, closed systems, and isolated systems.

Open system: This type of system in which energy and matter are exchanged.

Close system: In this type of system, we can exchange energy only but not matter.

Isolated system: This type of system does not exchange energy or matter, meaning that it does not have any interactions with its surroundings.

Linear momentum: The quantity of motion of a body is called momentum. But here linear means straight-line motion. So linear momentum means the quantity of a body moves in a straight line it is a vector quantity that depends upon the motion and velocity of an object. Its unit is newton second.

Friction: It is a force that opposes the motion of an object. It is vector quantity, the direction of friction is always in the opposite direction of motion. It is denoted by f. There are two types of friction.

Kinetic friction: The frictional force which acts on an object when the object is in motion.

Static friction: It is a type of friction in which the friction acts when the object is static.

Normal force: It is a force that prevents two objects from passing through one another is called normal force. It is always in the perpendicular to the surface.

Centripetal force: The force which compiles the body in a circular path is called centripetal force.

Inertia: The property of a body shows opposition when any changes occur in a body is called inertia.

Addition of forces:  To obtain a force that has the same effect on a body that the number of forces acts on a body is called the addition of force.

Resolution of forces: The process of force vector in which the force vector splits into two or more components.

Rotational motion: When a body moves in a circular path it performs the rotational motion.

Rigid objects: Those objects when they move their shape does not deform.

The axis of rotation: It is a line where the rotation takes place which means that the objects rotates at that point and every particle of the body rotates this point.