First 15 basic terms of physics

 

First 15 basic terms of physics

Physics: The branch of physical science which deals with the study of matter, energy, and their mutual relationship is called physics.

Here first of all we discuss the matter.

Matter: Anything that space and has the same mass is called matter.

There are three types of matter.

Solid: Solids are made of molecules that are arranged closely in a fixed pattern. Therefore solids have fixed shape and fixed volume.

Liquid: Liquid is also made of molecules which are close together. The pattern of molecules are not fixed. Therefore liquids have fixed volume and not a fixed shape.

Gas: The gas has no fixed shape and volume because the molecules of gas are far away from one another.

Plasma:  The ionic state of matter is called plasma. Plasma is the fourth state of matter.

PHYSICAL QUANTITIES: All those measurable quantities are called physical quantities.  Physical quantities have two types which are

                  a) Base quantity: The quantity which are fundamental for other physical quantities and from which all other physical quantities are derived called physical quantity.

                    b)  Derived physical quantity: Those quantity which are derived from the base quantity are called derived quantity.

5) Kinematics: The branch of mechanics which deals with the study of the motion of an object without going into the details of what cause of motion.

6) Dynamics: Dynamics is the branch of mechanics which deals with study of motion and cause of mtion.

7) Force: Force is a physical quantity that moves or tends to move an object or stop or tends to stop objects or change or tends to change the direction of the object is called force. The unit of force is the newton

8) Rest: when an object can not change its position with respect to its observer the object is said to be at rest.

9) Motion:  when an object can change its position with respect to its observer the object said to be in motion.

10) Scalars: Those physical quantity which are completely described by its magnitude and proper units is called scalar quantity.

11) Vector : Those physical quantity which are completely described by its magnitude, proper unit and direction is called scalar quantity.

12) Distance: The actual path between the two points is called distance.

13) Displacement: The shortest and directed distance between two points is called displacement. It is a vector quantity. It has magnitude and proper unit.

14)Speed: The change in distance with respect to time is called speed. It is a scaler quantity its unit is meter per second.

15) Velocity: Change in displacement with respect to time is called velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity because it depends on the displacement. The unit of  velocity is meter per second same as speed. There are different types velocity i. e average velocity, instantaneous velocity,

16) Acceleration: Change in velocity  with respect to time is acceleration. Acceleration is a vector quantity because its depends on velocity. Its units is meter per second square.Acceleration also have different types average types , instantaneous acceleration . uniform acceleration.